Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. People's Alliance Party (Solomon Islands) PAP: Peruvian Aprista Party: PAP: Purple Acid Phosphatase: PAP: Public Administration Project: PAP: Poverty Alleviation Programme: PAP: Policy Agendas Project (University of Texas at Austin) PAP: Policy Advisory Panel (various organizations) PAP: Principal Activity Plan (Australia) PAP Klarén, Peter F. Modernization, Dislocation, and Aprismo: Origins of the Peruvian Aprista Party, 1870–1932. APRA was originally founded by Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre in Mexico City on the 7 May 1924 with aspirations to becoming a continent-wide party. Alan García Pérez, Haya's former personal secretary, became his hand-picked successor and in 1985, five years after Haya's death, won the presidency. Trouvez les Peruvian Aprista Party images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. Modernization, Dislocation, and Aprismo: Origins of the Peruvian Aprista Party, 1870-1932 (Llilas Latin American Monograph) See also indigenismo. PERUVIAN APRISTA PARTY 627 The most unfortunate result of this intensely partisan debate has been the tendency of historians to view Peruvian history in polemical terms of good and evil, thereby failing to confront the political subtleties of an extremely complex society. He also drew on foreign sources, both right and left, during the twenties and thirties, when fascism, socialism, and communism emerged to challenge the liberal Western democracies and capitalism. He was elected General Secretary of the Peruvian Aprista Party in 1982. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. xxiii, 189. Cloth. Party militants claimed electoral fraud and organized sugar workers near Trujillo, Haya's hometown, to rebel against the government, a revolt that was brutally suppressed by the army. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. Turkish politician and writer Bülent Ecevit (born 1925) was alternately prime minister and leader of the opposition in the 1970s; since…, The Federalist Party, along with the Democratic-Republican Party, was one of the first two political parties in the United States, and hence in the w…, Populist party, in U.S. history, political party formed primarily to express the agrarian protest of the late 19th cent. English: Logo of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (better known as the Peruvian Aprista Party) Date: 26 January 2020: Source: Vectorized version of File:Logo Apra.gif: Author: Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana : Licensing . As E. E. Schattschneider famously asserted more than half a century ago, "Modern…, Communist party, in Russia and the Soviet Union, political party that until 1991 exercised all effective power within the Soviet Union, and, as the o…, Süleyman Demirel https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/peruvian-aprista-party-papapra, "Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP/APRA) Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1992. Free delivery on qualified orders. PAP is the oldest party in Peru. Pike, Fredrick B. In 1979 Haya, in his eighties and suffering from cancer, capped his long political career by being selected to lead a constitutional convention, which opened the way for the return of the military to the barracks and the redemocratization of the country beginning in 1980. Ironically, the latter government up to 1975 carried out many major structural reforms, including the nationalization of land and industry, that Haya and APRA had espoused during the 1930s but largely abandoned after World War II. Populism in Peru: The Emergence of the Masses and the Politics of Social Control. Under García APRA espoused a social democratic program at a time when the country was engaged in a vicious civil war with the radical Marxist Shining Path guerrilla movement. García left office in 1990 under a cloud of government mismanagement and corruption, only to rise phoenix-like from this first-term debacle, after nine years in exile, to become president again in 2006. The party won an overwhelming majority along the coast—including in Lima, whose population is one-third of the country's total population of 27 million—but lost by two-to-one or more in the heavily indigenous and impoverished central and southern highlands. Home; About; Elections; Articles; Links; Archives; Contacts ; Electoral Geography 2.0. Since its founding in 1930 the Peruvian Aprista party (APRA) has occupied a place of signal importance in the Peruvian political spectrum, and it is one of the most important political parties to appear in twentieth-century Latin America. The Christian People's Party is a center-right and conservative political party based on the principles of Christian democracy. Retrieved April 15, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/peruvian-aprista-party-papapra. In 2000, its inscription was renewed, and it became part of National Unity, although not in a permanent basis. 2021 . APRA, political party founded by Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre (1924), which dominated Peruvian politics for decades. In many ways his model for APRA was the new Mexican revolutionary state, his goal to overturn a dominant oligarchy, expand the power and reach of the state, nationalize a predominantly foreign-controlled mining industry, and carry out massive agrarian reform. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1980. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1973. Acestea sunt listate în partea stângă de mai jos. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. Popular Action (Acción Popular, AP) was founded in 1956 by Fernando Belaúnde and a group of young Peruvian professionals. Personal papers of Magda Portal, a Peruvian author, poet, and political activist. Stein, Steve. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Origins of the Peruvian Aprista Party, 1870-1932, Modernization, Dislocation, and Aprismo, Peter F. Klarén, University of Texas Press. Figures. Presidential party: Peruvian Aprista Party (Partido Aprista Peruano, PAP) Launched in 1930, the PAP was the Peruvian branch of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana, APRA) formed in Mexico in 1924. Published for the Institute of Latin American Studies by the University of Texas Press. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. He acquired 45% votes on the presidential election on 14 April 1985. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Indigenismo of the Peruvian Aprista Party: A Reinterpretation Thomas M. Davies, Jr. Thomas M. Davies, Jr. * Internationally, it expressed the ideals of the unity of American Indians and the elimination of U.S. imperialism. During these years the Peruvian polity assumed a tripartite shape, in which the military, allied with the ruling oligarchy, sought to control the insurgent popular forces led by APRA. $8.50. Oldest Socialist party in Peru with pan-Latin American movement aspirations [full name: Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana - Partido Aprista Peruano (APRA); English: American Popular Revolutionary Alliance - Peruvian Aprista Party]. 15 Apr. The victory of the Allies in World War II marked a turning point in the fortunes of the party. Thus derives the importance of Leaders of the party have included Mario Polar Ugarteche, Roberto Ramírez del Villar, Ernesto Alayza Grundy, Felipe … Some other parties have virtually disappeared, others are becoming strictly watchdog organizations," and that the president still "has more than 60% approval." Running on a social democratic platform promising to preserve Peru's free-market economy (honoring a free-trade agreement with the United States), control the deficit, exercise fiscal restraint, and bolster the country's fragile democracy, García decisively defeated his ultra-nationalist opponent, former military officer Ollanta Humala, by 53 to 47 percent of the vote. Encyclopedia.com. The military awarded the presidency to Col. Sánchez Cerro, who quickly established a dictatorship and tried to destroy the Aprista movement. Another major turning point for the party's electoral fortunes came with the so-called Convivencia Pact of 1956, in which Haya decided to support his archenemy for the presidency, the oligarch Manuel Prado, in return for the legalization of APRA. Keep in mind that the abbreviation of PAP is widely used in industries like banking, computing, educational, finance, governmental, and health. beyond Peru itself. He was also influenced by strong currents of indigenismo, a social and intellectual movement in favor of the redemption of the oppressed Indian masses and celebration of the great pre-Colombian civilizations of the past in what he called Indo-America (Meso-America and South American Andes). However, in 1948, in the increasingly tense geopolitical atmosphere of the Cold War, the reform government was overthrown by a military coup, and the subsequent dictatorship of General Manuel Odría (1948–1956) forced APRA once again underground, with Haya taking sanctuary in the Colombian embassy for five years. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Bibliography. Supported by workers and middle-class liberals, the party wielded significant power, but conservative forces took extraordinary measures to prevent Haya de la Torre from ever gaining the presidency. Lourdes Flores Nano National Unity Alan García Pérez Peruvian Aprista Party Ollanta Humala Tasso Union for Peru. Modernization, Dislocation, and Aprismo: Origins of the Peruvian Aprista Party, 1870-1932. The Politics of the Miraculous in Peru: Haya de la Torre and the Spiritualist Tradition. The most recent work on the topic can be found in Fiona Wilson, Citizenship and Political Violence in Peru: An Andean Town, 1870s to 1970s (New York 2013. Subsequently, APRA and Haya were relegated to the opposition during the reform government of Fernando Belaúnde Terry (1963–1968) and the revolutionary government of the armed forces (1968–1980). Definiţie în limba engleză: Peruvian Aprista Party. In 2006 the venerable Partido Aprista Peruano (Peruvian Aprista Party, PAP), also known as the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), won its second presidential election in Peruvian history under the leadership of Alan García Pérez, whose term as president from 1985 to 1990 had left the country in economic ruins. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Returning to Peru after Leguía was overthrown in a military coup, Haya ran unsuccessfully for the presidency in 1931. The collection documents Portal's writing and involvement with several political parties including the Popular Revolutionary Alliance for America (APRA), Partido del Pueblo, and the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP). He designed the party's five-point program, advocating the political unity of Latin America, nationalization of land and industry, internationalization of the Panama Canal, and solidarity with oppressed people around the world, and resisting Yankee imperialism. A democratic wave washed over Latin America, opening the way for the party's legalization and election in a coalition reform government led by independent José Luis Bustamante y Rivero (1945–1948). Index . 17. Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP/APRA) In 2006 the venerable Partido Aprista Peruano (Peruvian Aprista Party, PAP), also known as the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), won its second presidential election in Peruvian history under the leadership of Alan García Pérez, whose term as president from 1985 to 1990 had left the country in economic ruins. Prime Minister Jorge del Castillo stated that "The Peruvian Aprista party is the only party that remains as a party of national dimension. This political about-face led to a major rupture in the party and the departure of many long-time party loyalists; nevertheless, it enabled Haya to win election to the presidency in 1962. Noté /5. A reformist alternative to both the oligarchic parties and the increasingly conservative Peruvian Aprista Party (APRA) party, AP quickly established itself as a national organization and serious contender for the presidency. Encyclopedia.com. Steve Stein Stanford University. ." Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre (February 22, 1895 – August 2, 1979) was a Peruvian politician, philosopher, and author who founded the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA) political movement, the oldest currently existing political party in Peru by the name of the Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP). 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