[286] Israeli historian Yehuda Bauer has commented that the remark is probably as close as historians will ever get to a definitive order from Hitler for the genocide carried out during the Holocaust. [221] On 28–29 March 1938, Hitler held a series of secret meetings in Berlin with Konrad Henlein of the Sudeten German Party, the largest of the ethnic German parties of the Sudetenland. [417] Ernst-Günther Schenck and several other doctors who met Hitler in the last weeks of his life also formed a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. [335][337] By January 1942, he had decided that the Jews, Slavs, and other deportees considered undesirable should be killed. [354] Together, the Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost would have led to the starvation of 80 million people in the Soviet Union. [333], The Holocaust and Germany's war in the East were based on Hitler's long-standing view that the Jews were the enemy of the German people and that Lebensraum was needed for Germany's expansion. [180] On 19 August, the merger of the presidency with the chancellorship was approved by 88 per cent of the electorate voting in a plebiscite. Hitler didn't take power in Germany overnight and took years for him to take full power of his party overnight. [116] The next day, Hitler and his followers marched from the beer hall to the Bavarian War Ministry to overthrow the Bavarian government, but police dispersed them. [117] Sixteen Nazi Party members and four police officers were killed in the failed coup. [101] The committee agreed, and he rejoined the party on 26 July as member 3,680. Hitler believed he must make Germany great again through creating an empire and engineered territorial expansion, uniting with Austria in an Anschluss and dismembering Czechoslovakia. Only then, in prison, did Hitler come to believe he was destined to be a leader. However, many were unaware of the life that Paula, the dictator’s sister, led. Röhm became head of the Nazis' paramilitary organisation, the Sturmabteilung (SA, "Stormtroopers"), which protected meetings and attacked political opponents. [76] While there, Hitler learned of Germany's defeat, and—by his own account—upon receiving this news, he suffered a second bout of blindness. 1889. Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) was the founder and leader of the Nazi Party and the most influential voice in the implementation and execution of the Holocaust - the systematic extermination and ethnic cleansing of six million European Jews and millions of others. Adolf Hitler was a military leader, politician, and German writer. [370], Hitler dominated his country's war effort during World War II to a greater extent than any other national leader. Nevertheless, he continued to believe that only his leadership could deliver victory. [253], This plan required tacit Soviet support,[254] and the non-aggression pact (the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact) between Germany and the Soviet Union, led by Joseph Stalin, included a secret agreement to partition Poland between the two countries. During this period, Hitler appears to have developed the worldview that would characterize his whole life, and which centered on hatred for Jews and Marxists. It sold five million copies by 1939. [281] His generals disagreed with this change, having advanced within 400 km (250 mi) of Moscow, and his decision caused a crisis among the military leadership. Three of Hitler's siblings—Gustav, Ida, and Otto—died in infancy. [308] That same day, Göring sent a telegram from Berchtesgaden, arguing that since Hitler was isolated in Berlin, Göring should assume leadership of Germany. [109] Alfons Heck, a former member of the Hitler Youth, recalled: We erupted into a frenzy of nationalistic pride that bordered on hysteria. [16] Also living in the household were Alois's children from his second marriage: Alois Jr. (born 1882) and Angela (born 1883). The political views of Adolf Hitler have presented historians and biographers with some difficulty. [149] He was one of the first politicians to use aircraft travel for political purposes, and used it effectively. Leaving nothing to chance, the Nazis used the provisions of the Reichstag Fire Decree to arrest all 81 Communist deputies (in spite of their virulent campaign against the party, the Nazis had allowed the KPD to contest the election)[167] and prevent several Social Democrats from attending. [139] The prosecution argued that the Nazi Party was an extremist party, prompting defence lawyer Hans Frank to call on Hitler to testify. [17] When Hitler was three, the family moved to Passau, Germany. [50] Hitler read local newspapers such as Deutsches Volksblatt [de] that fanned prejudice and played on Christian fears of being swamped by an influx of Eastern European Jews. [204][205] The Anglo-German Naval Agreement (AGNA) of 18 June allowed German tonnage to increase to 35 per cent of that of the British navy. One thing is for certain, when it comes to the sex life of Adolf Hitler, it was definitely not ordinary, but then again, Hitler was never an ordinary individual to begin with, in the first place. The man who thought he was paving the way for a German leader of genius now thought he was the genius who could take and use power. [198] In March, Prince Bernhard Wilhelm von Bülow, secretary at the Auswärtiges Amt (Foreign Office), issued a statement of major foreign policy aims: Anschluss with Austria, the restoration of Germany's national borders of 1914, rejection of military restrictions under the Treaty of Versailles, the return of the former German colonies in Africa, and a German zone of influence in Eastern Europe. [420] He suffered ruptured eardrums as a result of the 20 July plot bomb blast in 1944, and 200 wood splinters had to be removed from his legs. [99] Hitler returned to Munich on 11 July and angrily tendered his resignation. [49] He also developed an admiration for Martin Luther. [233] In Hitler's view, the British-brokered peace, although favourable to the ostensible German demands, was a diplomatic defeat which spurred his intent of limiting British power to pave the way for the eastern expansion of Germany. Hitler ordered Steiner to attack the northern flank of the salient, while the German Ninth Army was ordered to attack northward in a pincer attack. They laugh now, just as foolishly, when I declare that I shall remain in power! [148] Hindenburg had support from various nationalist, monarchist, Catholic, and republican parties, and some Social Democrats. Opponents of Hitler in the leadership had Hermann Esser expelled from the party, and they printed 3,000 copies of a pamphlet attacking Hitler as a traitor to the party. [134], The Great Depression provided a political opportunity for Hitler. Download. [7][8] Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler",[8] also spelled 'Hiedler', 'Hüttler', or 'Huettler'. [40], In 1907, Hitler left Linz to live and study fine art in Vienna, financed by orphan's benefits and support from his mother. Reich expanded development of Hitler 's anti-Semitism remains a matter of debate to death, while died! 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